My Personals Leadership Styles and Behaviors Essay example

Self leadership through personal learning and reflection â€Å"provides a foundation for effective leadership skills† (Watson, 2004). The Canadian College of Health Leaders (CCHL) includes self leadership as one of it’s five core leadership competencies, which is defined as â€Å"The Lead Self† domain. As part of Leading Self, effective leaders must demonstrate: self awareness, managing self, developing self and demonstrating character. (CCHL, 2010). In order to demonstrate my leadership development, I will complete an assessment of my personal leadership styles and behaviours, as evidenced through a series of validated self assessment methodologies and tools. My self reflection will include a summary of leadership strengths and weaknesses, in†¦show more content†¦According to the Myers Briggs Type Indictor (MBTI) (Appendix D) tool, outlines the different personality types and how they gather and evaluate information in the decision making process. M y specific ENFJ typology indicates that I have a strong preference for making decisions intuitively (N), demonstrating my creative and imaginative abilities. That I have slight preferences for feeling (F) and judging (J) when considering decisions, and I have marginal preference for extroversion (E). According to the Thomas Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI), reviewed in Appendix E, in situations of conflict my primary conflict mode is Compromising which reflects my ability to be an intermediate in both assertiveness and cooperation. In conflict I am able to listen, understand and empathize in a non confrontational method to identify underlying concerns. My leadership, and specifically my reaction in times of conflict will have an effect on my team. It is important that I am able to flex between conflict modes as the situation requires. The additional benefit of having a compromising tendency in dealing with conflict is that I am only one step away from other conflict modes (collaborating, accommodating, avoiding and competing) which each have their place in leadership conflictShow MoreRelatedDifference Between Character And Characteristics, Situational Theory And The Path Goal Theory1254 Words   |  6 PagesThis paper will demonstrate my understanding of the Contingency approaches, the difference between character and characteristics, situational theory and the Path-Goal Theory. I will give an assessment of how the application of each can enhance my leadership effectiveness. I will cover how it has made me rethink preconceived ideas about what it means to be a leader to flowers. I will focus on the relationship between leader, follower and situations. Contingency approaches Daft (2014) defines the ContingencyRead MoreLeadership Styles : Situational Leadership Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Head: SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP 1 Situational Leadership Kristen Baldwin Kentucky Christian University Introduction After researching several other leadership styles, I found that situational leadership is the leadership style most effective for myself. Situational leadership is different from most leadership styles because it is adaptable to every circumstance. While other leadership styles are very specific, situational leadership can be used to lead people that areRead MoreSkills And Style Survey : Walden University1178 Words   |  5 Pagesand Style Survey Walden University Ph.D. Public Policy and Administration â€Æ' Introduction This is an introduction to the Skills Inventory introduced in Chapter 3 of the textbook â€Å"Leadership: Theory and Practice† by Peter Northouse, a tool by which one can measure leadership strengths in three major skill areas, Technical, Human Conceptual (Northouse, 2016). An additional introduction is made to the Leadership Behavior Questionnaire, which measures the type of leadership behavior style oneRead MorePersonal Leadership : An Effective Leadership Style1644 Words   |  7 PagesPERSONAL LEADERSHIP PORTRAIT Developing an effective leadership style requires one to become aware of their strengths and weakness when operating in the role of a servant leader. Identifying personal preference can assist with better aligning expectations and goals that one would like to see demonstrated in those they lead. Taking on the role as a servant leader requires patience, understanding, and most importantly compassion for others. As a servant leader he or she should always considerRead MoreLeadership Is Not A One Side Approach1392 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership is not a one side approach. One will be able to guide its team for challenging situations when the different leadership style are known. There are three known leadership styles that can be used to become more effective leader: autocratic leaders, democratic leaders, lalssez-faire leaders. However, one’s personal approach can be a blend to these, depending on one’s preferences, the needs of your people and the present situatio n. Also when the leadership framework is understood, one canRead MoreThe Path Goal Theory Of Leadership751 Words   |  4 Pages Wk4AssgnJLayman: Path-Goal Theory of Leadership Walden University Ph.D. Public Policy and Administration â€Æ' Introduction This is an introduction to the Path-Goal Leadership Questionnaire, introduced in Chapter 6 of the textbook â€Å"Leadership: Theory and Practice† by Peter Northouse, a set of questions, designed to measure a leader’s path-goal style of leadership, or their ability to assess and meet the needs of the follower (Northouse, 2016). Developed by House Mitchell (1975), the path-goalRead MoreThe Leadership Theory Of Organizational Needs1507 Words   |  7 Pagesleaders have the right skills, while also having a foundation of a specific leadership theory to drive the daily functions of the organization. As important as these aspects are, it is even more important that leaders take the time to evaluate their leadership style and philosophy to ensure that they remain effective and efficient in their work. Fisher (2009) notes that it is important to recognize the type of leadership that is most effective with staff, so that it can be applied accordingly. ByRead MoreLeadership S tyles From The Point Of View1294 Words   |  6 PagesComparative Analysis The articles under analysis explore leadership styles from the point of view of their relation to gender (Merchant, 2012) and personality (Yahaya et al., 2011). Merchant (2012) provides a valuable research, which is focused on gender as the major determinant of leadership styles in individuals. Providing an analysis of literature, Merchant (2012) indicates that â€Å"many studies analyzing the intersection of gender and influence tactics have resulted in mixed finding† (p. 24). ItRead MoreLeadership Is Not A One Side Approach1536 Words   |  7 Pages Leadership is not a one side approach. One will be able to guide its team for challenging situations when the different leadership styles are known. There are three known leadership styles that can be used to become a more effective leader: autocratic leaders, democratic leaders, lalssez-faire leaders. However, one’s personal approach can be a blend of these, depending on one’s preferences, the needs of your p eople and the present situation. Also when the leadership framework is understoodRead MoreEssay on Annotated Bibliography: Leadership1362 Words   |  6 Pagessuccessful and unsuccessful political leadership.  Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,  103(3), 489 -505. http://library.gcu.edu:2048/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com.library.gcu.edu:2048/login.aspx?direct=truedb=pdhAN=2012-19403-001site=eds-livescope=site In this article the authors have conjectured up some features of the psychopathic condition (e.g., fearlessness, interpersonal dominance) which are adaptive in certain occupations, including leadership positions. The theory was tested

Article Review Old Earth Theory - 920 Words

Journal Article Review on The Origin of Old-Earth Geology, and its Ramifications for Life in the 21st Century by Doctor Terry Mortenson. Liberty University Introduction This document is a journal article review providing a brief synopsis, observed strengths, and observed weaknesses of Doctor Mortenson’s â€Å"The Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications for Life in the 21st Century†. This article is not an attack on Christianity or the Christian ideology. This paper is simply an honest attempt to review Mortenson’s information provided, his hypothesis, and venue chosen for Christian Apologetics. Brief Overview and Main Points The Origin of†¦show more content†¦All the claims made by the author, while demonstrating good intentions, have valid counter arguments against them that he failed to address or acknowledge. The weakest part of this article was the author’s claims against naturalists. Individuals that have naturalistic beliefs have contributed greatly to a moral and just society, and most have different perspectives on their purpose in life. Many families in today’s society that do not share a belief in religion with the rest of us still go to work, love and provide for their families, partake in charities, help others, and strive daily to be â€Å"good people†. The author’s approach to his hypotheses on the downfall of society is a perfect example of a flawed scientific method. It clearly seemed as if he had his answer to the problem before he made his hypothesis, did valid research, or tested any theory. The author could have better stated his case in this article, if he had avoided his consistent use of the slippery slope and overgeneralization fallacies. One example would be, â€Å"it has been the scientific justification for the rejection of God and His work and for much of the evil of the last 150 years† (Motenson, 6/9). Conclusion This article seemed to have a good premise behind the information. All of the information that the author provided was interesting, and thought provoking. Unfortunately,Show MoreRelatedThe Origin of Old-Earth Geology and its Ramifications Essay example722 Words   |  3 Pagesin the article The Origin of Old- Earth Geology and its Ramifications on Life in the 21st Century, discusses a well know debate that goes back many years. In this review I will give a brief overview of what the article itself is about. Along with that, I will discuss some of the strengths and weaknesses that I have found and thought about. There are some very great points in this article, as well as weak points. I think it is important to discuss both. Overview: The Origin of Old-Earth GeologyRead MoreBiography Of Theodosius Dobzhansky s Theory Of Life On Earth952 Words   |  4 Pagesconstant changes in secular theories and society about the beginning of the universe and of life on Earth, which gives way to the idea of existentialism. Through some research, I found that he is best known for one his evolution paper, called Nothing in Biology Makes Sense Except in the Light of Evolution. Dobzhansky states in the article his three predictions that have been disproven in the following years after its publication. These guesses include that Darwin’s theory of the tree of life will beRead MoreThe Effects Of Clinical Depression On An Individual s Dreaming1485 Words   |  6 PagesThere is never ending research in the field of dreaming. Social scientists and psychologists are so keen to delve into the workings of the unconscious brain, resulting in countless breakthroughs and theories as to why and how we dream. There is an article about t he effect of clinical depression on an individual’s dreaming. It has been found that people suffering from depression dream three times more than those without depression. This is due to the higher levels of emotional arousal to get out ofRead MoreSubject of Study and Importance of the Theory of Architecture.1428 Words   |  6 PagesDEFINITION, SCOPE OF STUDY AND SIGNIFICANCE OF THE THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE. What is it thinking? Thinking is an activity we do naturally and spontaneously, each moment, every day, all human beings around the world during our stay ephemeral passing on this earth. The reality is something we can perceive with the senses, but the reality is something hidden that will not perceive the senses. To any reality we get a lot of questions: what, why, for whom is, by whom, etc.. We ask for things weRead MorePost-WWI American Society Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesAfter the war, the American people made the change from old ways to new ways. Many factors, such as new technology, fundamentalism, new looks and church led to tension between the old and the new. The 1920s were a time of conflicting viewpoints between traditional behaviors and new and changing attitudes. New technology in the 1920s attributed to the change. Inventions such as the radio helped improve communication. Court trials, conventions, and meetings were broadcasted. Electrical appliancesRead MoreScopes Trial and New Technology1118 Words   |  5 PagesAfter the war, the American people made the change from old ways to new ways. Many factors, such as new technology, fundamentalism, new looks and church led to tension between the old and the new. The 1920s were a time of conflicting viewpoints between traditional behaviors and new and changing attitudes. New technology in the 1920s attributed to the change. Inventions such as the radio helped improve communication. Court trials, conventions, and meetings were broadcasted. Electrical appliancesRead MoreA Successful Communist Utopia Is A Dream Because It Would Require All Non Communists1181 Words   |  5 Pagesis given equal shares in result of their labor, and wealth is distributed in a fashion so all individuals are in the same wealth class. The role of Communism in 1984 was influenced by the tension between the United States and the USSR, the Domino Theory, and the fear of harsh treatment under Communist rule. The novel 1984 was written in the midst of the Cold War, occurring from 1947 until 1991. The Cold War was an indirect battle between the US and the USSR involving clashing beliefs. Neither sideRead MoreThe Philosophy Behind Phantoms A Ghost 1416 Words   |  6 PagesWitnesses admitted to having seen spirits walking among Earth after death; taking on many forms and supposedly haunt various buildings and locations. Ghosts, phantoms, apparitions, spirits, and specters are divergent words, but all define a being that was once living but is now earthbound. No actual evidence has been found to prove their existence, so scientists are unable to claim that they exist. There is reason to believe that spirits may roam Earth due to the understanding of them, the history, andRead MoreThe Debate On Global Climate Change1605 Words   |  7 Pageschange the earth’s climate and that the planet is capable of absorbing those increases. It is contended that warming over the 20th century resu lted primarily from natural processes such as fluctuations in the sun s heat and ocean currents. But the theory of human-caused global climate change is based on questionable measurements, faulty climate models, and misleading science. In the first half of twentieth century it was found that the human influenced the daily cold extremes followed by warm nightsRead MoreAge of the Universe Essay1864 Words   |  8 PagesThe age of the universe is said to be about 13.75 billion years old. The method used in determining this age would be attempting to find the age of chemical elements, oldest star clusters, as well as white dwarf stars. Scientists also try to find the universes rate of expansion, and behavior of globular clusters, which are spherical collection of stars. In order to find this, scientists can use radioactive decay to determine how old a given mixture of atoms is in rock samples. In order to find the

Business Information Systems IT Industry

Question: Describe about the Business Information Systems for Business IT Industry. Answer: Introduction: The recent developments in the IT industry have been associated with offshore practice and thus various firms are capable of enhancing their IT capabilities. The efficiency of offshore outsourcing has to be reviewed in context of the reported cases of success in IT offshore practices. The gradual reduction in the success rate of offshore practices could be apprehended differently owing to several reasons. Management of the outsourcing operations create several setbacks for the IT industry which could also be reflected in the industrial context despite the scope for diffusion observed in the industry (Beynon-Davies, 2013). The primary accomplishments of an organization from offshore practices in IT industry are related to reduction of costs, access to new technologies, improving the assortment of services and enabling a higher degree of flexibility. The offshore practices are implemented in unison with the training and development of staff for aligning the objectives with the industri al context. The assumptions for problems in the practice of offshoring could be recognized in advance through review of different references to the scope of offshore practices in IT industry. Evaluation of the prospects for issues in the later stages as well as in context of the present dynamic scenarios could enable an organization to escalate productivity as well as improve the value proposition. Competitive advantage could be acquired through the offshoring activities resulting in improvement of an organizations capability to recognize external solutions (Ward Peppard, 2016). Therefore the problem statement which could be derived in case of offshoring indicates the capability of managers and the risk factors which could restrict the proficiency of managers in catering the requirements of the evolving marketplace. The varying implications of the processes related to offshoring in present contexts as well as the underlying aspects of the offshore practices in IT industry in the fu ture have been illustrated in the report below. Definition of offshoring: Offshore outsourcing is considered with reference to the assignment of non-core activities concerned with internal production to an external agency or individual in a foreign country. The foreign country is selected in such a manner in outsourcing which suggests that the products and services of the organization are not accessible in the country (Rainer et al, 2013). The emerging prospects in the global workforce as well as the proliferation of ample opportunities to develop the scope of progress in the information technology industry and creation of strategic advantages are some of the profound benefits of the organizations which are derived from offshore outsourcing activities. Offshoring has been prominently associated with benefits such as acquisition of a viable perspective related to the available and nascent market opportunities as well as the availability of skilled labor at low cost. The risk factors associated with offshore practices could be understood carefully through a review of the distinctiveness of offshore practices as compared to outsourcing. The benefits of Offshoring are often confused with outsourcing and therefore, the ambiguities are evident. Addressing the distinct definitions of the offshoring and outsourcing as used in context of the IT industry could be used as a plausible insight for resolution of complex business situations (Jrvelinen, 2013). Offshoring vs. outsourcing: The consideration of outsourcing and offshoring as synonyms leads to the induction of various ambiguities. The definitions are considered similar due to the involvement of a third party or country in them. The capabilities of the organization have to be realized in accordance with the requirement specific to the organization (Galliers Leidner, 2014). The standard difference between the two terms has to be evaluated with respect to the preferences of an organization such as offshoring is defined through the situation of production unit or acquisition of competitive advantage in the form of low costs, minimal capital investments and the availability of workforce in a foreign country. On the other hand, outsourcing is considered as the execution of organizational activities through the use of a third party contract. The outsourcing process is considered as the assignment of specific components of the production process to a third party. This indicates that the third party is also liabl e to outsource the services to another entity. The difference between the descriptive implications of offshoring and outsourcing suggest an increase in the cumulative impact on distinct individuals. Offshoring is responsible for hiring capable vendors who can deliver required proficiency in the workplace activities alongside the realization of cost advantage (Reich Benbasat, 2013). The development of outsourcing initiatives are related to contracting which is observed in the domestic context as well and is largely associated with involvement of an external organization. The use of offshoring has become prominent in the recent time with a possible relocation to a different country primarily involving the transition of a specific business function. The demarcation between offshoring and outsourcing activities in context of the IT industry resulted in proliferation of contemporary aspects of delivering IT services such as Business Process Outsourcing (BPO) and the prevalence of these services in the large continents such as Europe (Stair Reynolds, 2013). The different vital yet tedious tasks such as accounting, support services, intra organizational mail distribution and data entry jobs formed the majority of tasks which are assigned for outsourcing in the IT industry. While the applications of offshoring could be derived from the various new implications observed in the business environment of the modern IT industry, the pitfalls also deserve adequate mention in literature as valid sources of information required for the sustainability of managers in the increasingly complex business scenario in the IT industry. The proliferation of more number of companies in the IT sector is also associated with a substantial rise in the volume of tasks and the variability which could create formidable setbacks for the organizations. The study of different positive as well as negative implications related to offshoring practices in IT industry which could generate reasonable suggestions for the problem statement which is directed towards identification of the opportunities as well as threats posed by an enterprise to a particular industry. While use of geographical innovation and integration of flexibility in the offshoring activities have resulted in reasonable improvements, the hidden costs as well as communication barriers have created distinct situations for IT organizations which are difficult for resolution(Ristov, Gusev Kostoska, 2012). Positive implications of offshore operations in IT: Information technology has progressed a lot more than just being a business function. The use of information technology has to be reviewed with the references to numerous benefits which could be acquired from offshore activities (Willcocks, 2013). The foremost positive implication is associated with the economic factors which are reflected in the economic and functional aspects. The consistently increasing cost pressures would be an incessant entity and therefore the requirement of organizations have to be augmented for realizing the aspects of outsourcing in IT and manufacturing services. The use of capital savings in the sustainability of a business has to be considered as a necessity for the organization since reports have indicated that offshoring is responsible for almost 60% of the savings in the exiting activities of the enterprise. Therefore the consideration of economic factors in order to validate the application of offshoring serves as a profound contribution. Thereafter, the continuity of the offshore activities is realized as a formidable advantage in terms of traditional compliance to models characterized by expansion and renegotiation (Pearlson, Saunders Galletta, 2016). The offshore models of service in the IT industry are characterized with the inclusion of BPO and KPO as rational choices for realizing productivity in IT related tasks. The emphasis on the existing supplier relationships could also contribute to the realization of positive outcomes from an offshoring initiative. The emphasis on supplier relationships is associated with the design of global delivery models which could be utilized effectively for leveraging capabilities in offshoring to obtain extension of supply chain relationships. The next advantage which can be calculated for the offshore activities in IT sector is the maturity of infrastructure. The improvements in the communication and information systems technology for distribution of data, telecommunication, data and voic e call services as well as the infrastructural elements which need to be complemented with the training and development alongside a viable platform to acquire flexible resolution of complex issues. The services of IT infrastructure vary according to different geographical jurisdictions and the relevant levels of innovation in technology and hence infrastructure maturity can be considered as a representation of the feasibility of an offshoring activity as well as the resultant of a sustained association of an organization in the offshore business initiatives (Petter, DeLone McLean, 2013). The association with diverse markets in offshoring initiatives creates formidable platform for the IT organizations to widen their apprehension of the industry and thereby create plausible suggestions for sustaining in a particular offshore market or devise strategies which could capitalize on the existing facilities and opportunities placed by a particular industry. The information pertaining to o ffshore markets has recently increased owing to the improvements in the interactions with experts as well as the web. The applications in these offshore markets should be referenced in future contexts for appropriate identification of risks arising from uncertainty. Furthermore, access to newer markets is considered as a reliable source for transforming old investments into profitable ventures (Cassidy, 2016). Generally offshore markets are characterized by impeccable levels of manufacturing proficiency alongside the profound communication of capabilities. Therefore, the IT organizations could opt for apprehension of credible insights in the offshore markets and thus obtain higher returns on investments. The sharing of services is one of the presumptions related to the organizations invested in offshoring. However, the implications of offshoring have enabled companies to opt for contemporary approaches to resolve dilemmatic situations through transition of shared service centers int o actual business function units. Therefore, the requirement of shared service centers is limited and thus the organizations are able to save a substantial amount of costs. The positive implications of offshoring have also been associated profoundly with the considerable levels of flexibility obtained through the process. The resourcing model would be improvised with the application of business process outsourcing initiatives which serve as viable contributors to the realization of sustainable growth management (Scheer, 2012). The other profound indications found in case of the offshoring activities include references to the improvement in speed of the activities alongside increasing the prospects for providing round the clock services to the constituents. The constituents have to be associated with the provision of services at reasonable pace which should also be reflected on the enhancement of business and productivity potential of the organization. The derivation of positive implications from the application of outsourcing initiatives should be implemented in context of the resolution of activities which could facilitate the necessary competitive advantage required by an organization in the complex market demands placed by the IT sector. The list of challenges implemented for the case of IT companies need proper illustration which could provide ample insight into the management of offshoring initiatives (Boehm Thomas, 2013). The differences in the perceived and real application of the offshoring practices refer to the weaknesses which could be studied for derivation of a reliable impression related to the application and outcome of the offshore practices in IT industry. The requirement of apprehending the pitfalls in offshore activities could be accompanied with a detailed impression of the reasonable solutions which could be implemented for the accomplishment of business objectives relevant to the contemporary characteristics of business in the IT sector. This would help in determination of fundamental requisites for managers in the IT industry to realize higher benefits with the same investment as well as options for exploring new markets and talent pools found in specific countries(Bonham-Carter, 2014). The acquisition of necessary skills which are relevant to the operations of management in offshoring as well as characteristic treatment of definite business issues which are posed in context of modern business initiatives and technological developments in information technology. The capitalization on the individual characteristics observed in the setbacks of the offshoring practices which could be used for finding the prominent areas which are related to characteristics of the suppliers and requirements which can be leveraged for obtaining comprehensive results. The following section details the profound disadvantages which could be observed in case of offshoring activities in the IT industry which ar e required for moderation of the applicability of offshoring activities in IT sector (Sousa Oz, 2014). Disadvantages of the offshoring activities: The following applications observed in the context of the challenges placed for resources in terms of cultural, infrastructural, legal and geopolitical implications. The foremost application could be realized in context of the supplier immaturity and the developments in the BPO market over the course of 3 years and therefore creates setbacks for obtaining relatable benefits through the application of higher intensity, risk increased levels as well as diligence required for the execution of offshore activities assigned to the suppliers (Baskerville Wood-Harper, 2016). Furthermore, the application of the revised models of offshoring activities could require service businesses in the IT sector to improve the sophistication and variability of the models which is realized with reference to the inability of IT sector organizations to select appropriate offshore markets. It has been clearly apprehended that offshoring is subject to the aspects of control requirements and the effective offs horing is characterized with the requirements of expertise in the process, systems and practices as well as implementation of cost efficient resources. The support infrastructure has been characterized with limitations in context of the IT related organizations and the beneficiaries of offshore BPO refer to the continued access to sustainable levels of growth (Rautenstrauch, Seelmann-Eggebert Turowski, 2012) . The growth is cumulatively increased with the requirement of extension on the capacity of the infrastructure ranging from domestic to global level. The development is also instituted from a local government level as well as the overall components of the governance. The implications of local infrastructure have to be revised with the requirement of obstacles in the improvement of capacity. The national issues associated with support infrastructure are also indicative of the requirements in the offshoring activities which can accomplish diverse objectives as well as the resolut ion of profound issues related to maintenance. The challenges for offshoring are also described in case of innovations which are related to the standard procedures which could enable human interaction as well as the information systems ensuring optimal levels of quality and support assistance alongside dynamic allocation of workflow (Venkatesh, Brown Bala, 2013). The accomplishment of imposing standard controls on the offshore activities is responsible for standardizing the processes and thus offshore processes have to be modified with the increase in sophistication of delivery and development process. Business process support is associated with the increasing levels of complexity which could determine the development of BPO initiatives and creation of core processes responsible for innovation and experimentation (Rolstadas Andersen, 2012). The nature and magnitude of the problems are associated with the origin of the offshore capabilities as well as indirect association with offs hore resources and service providers. Management practices are responsible for creation of varied pitfalls such as service providers, individual enterprises and formal as well as informal information systems which could render plausible results especially in terms of objectives, delivery models, measurement and contracts alongside the participants in offshoring initiatives. The different flaws which are observed in the case of IT sector result in management of diverse workforce alongside creation of cultural differences as a result of the communication and problem resolution capabilities. The creation of legal and regulatory implications is responsible for creation of flexible approaches to ensure the limitations on political issues associated with the countries in which offshoring is prominently observed. The difference in the practices adopted for management has to be realized in context of practices and policies for enhancing flexible labor allocation (Kern, 2014). The organizati on has the capability to infer the prospects of different applications of offshoring according to the limitations posed by management practices, management quality, standardized practices and impact of immature suppliers on the efficiency of offshore activities. Recommendation: The responsibilities of the client are realized in case of recommendations derived from analysis of positives and negative implications of the offshoring activities. The recommendations for the client are inclusive of the establishment of a market which could be used in context of the BPO market and the companies which need security on the opportunities for maturing and sustaining a particular market scenario in IT have to be addressed through establishment of own operations which could be succeeded in the segment (Ogiela Ogiela, 2014). The clients are supposed to utilize the services of the expert alongside the internal and external perspective which could assist in resolution of superfluous challenges. The solution of the offshoring activity has to be derived through aspects of innovation and flexibility in context of the supplier flexibility. Management should derive adequate inspiration from the requirement of investments which refer to the maturity of information technology whi ch realize in the offshore activities as well as the influence on program management through review of the contract, performance, financial, relationship and resource as well as change management. The transition of an organizations operational base is derived from the change of the offshore service delivery models alongside the inclusion of experienced managers. The clients should be aware of the investments required in the offshore strategies which are useful for realizing service levels and thereby the opportunities for improvement could be aptly realized alongside establishment of standards to measure the performance of the organization in context of the offshore activities (Jones, 2014). Despite the implications of positive performance in the sector of BPO are required for the finding of newer and functional practices which can ensure feasibility of the service levels. Suppliers in the sector of IT offshoring also have a predefined set of responsibilities which result in the dev elopment of attention for focus and service level compliance. As discussed above, offshoring could result in arrangement of different service levels alongside development of volume of the tasks to be completed. Therefore, the suppliers in the IT offshore markets would have to prefer the investments in human resources and RD activities resulting in feasible apprehension of customer needs, domain expertise, and service assurance and enhanced collaboration of tools and services (Friedman et al, 2013). Conclusion: The report has conclusively defined the concepts relevant to outsourcing and offshoring alongside revising the potential advantages of offshoring practices in the IT industry. The comprehensive illustration of the setbacks in the offshore activities could also prove to be a vital addition for deriving recommendations to improve the feasibility of the offshoring activities in IT industry. Reference Baskerville, R.L. and Wood-Harper, A.T., 2016. A critical perspective on action research as a method for information systems research. InEnacting Research Methods in Information Systems: Volume 2(pp. 169-190). Springer International Publishing. Beynon-Davies, P., 2013.Business information systems. Palgrave Macmillan. Boehm, M. and Thomas, O., 2013. Looking beyond the rim of one's teacup: a multidisciplinary literature review of Product-Service Systems in Information Systems, Business Management, and Engineering Design.Journal of Cleaner Production,51, pp.245-260. Bonham-Carter, G.F., 2014.Geographic information systems for geoscientists: modelling with GIS(Vol. 13). Elsevier. Cassidy, A., 2016.A practical guide to information systems strategic planning. CRC press. Friedman, B., Kahn Jr, P.H., Borning, A. and Huldtgren, A., 2013. Value sensitive design and information systems. InEarly engagement and new technologies: Opening up the laboratory(pp. 55-95). Springer Netherlands. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E., 2014.Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Jrvelinen, J., 2013. IT incidents and business impacts: Validating a framework for continuity management in information systems.International Journal of Information Management,33(3), pp.583-590. Jones, C.B., 2014.Geographical information systems and computer cartography. Routledge. Kern, R., 2014. Introduction. InDynamic Quality Management for Cloud Labor Services(pp. 3-7). Springer International Publishing. Ogiela, L. and Ogiela, M.R., 2014. Cognitive systems for intelligent business information management in cognitive economy.International Journal of Information Management,34(6), pp.751-760. Rainer, R.K., Cegielski, C.G., Splettstoesser-Hogeterp, I. and Sanchez-Rodriguez, C., 2013.Introduction to information systems: Supporting and transforming business. John Wiley Sons. Reich, B.H. and Benbasat, I., 2013. 10 Measuring the Information SystemsBusiness Strategy Relationship.Strategic Information Management, p.265. Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016.Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Petter, S., DeLone, W. and McLean, E.R., 2013. Information systems success: The quest for the independent variables.Journal of Management Information Systems,29(4), pp.7-62. Rautenstrauch, C., Seelmann-Eggebert, R. and Turowski, K. eds., 2012.Moving into Mass Customization: Information Systems and Management Principles. Springer Science Business Media. Ristov, S., Gusev, M. and Kostoska, M., 2012. Cloud computing security in business information systems.arXiv preprint arXiv:1204.1140. Rolstadas, A. and Andersen, B. eds., 2012.Enterprise modeling: Improving global industrial competitiveness(Vol. 560). Springer Science Business Media. Sousa, K.J. and Oz, E., 2014.Management information systems. Nelson Education. Scheer, A.W., 2012.Architecture of integrated information systems: foundations of enterprise modelling. Springer Science Business Media. Stair, R. and Reynolds, G., 2013.Principles of information systems. Cengage Learning. Venkatesh, V., Brown, S.A. and Bala, H., 2013. Bridging the qualitative-quantitative divide: Guidelines for conducting mixed methods research in information systems.MIS quarterly,37(1), pp.21-54. Ward, J. and Peppard, J., 2016.The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons. Willcocks, L., 2013.Information management: the evaluation of information systems investments. Springer.

Police Corruption Essays (1717 words) - Corruption,

Police Corruption The police officer stands at the top of the criminal justice system in a nation where crime rates are high and where the demands for illegal goods and services are widespread. These conditions create a situation in which the police officer is confronted with opportunity to accept a large number of favors or grants. Police corruption occurs in many forms and observers of police behavior agree that it falls into nine specific areas. Drug related police corruption differs from other types of police corruption. In addition to protecting criminals or ignoring their activities, officers involved in drug related corruption were more likely to be involved in stealing drugs and/or money from drug dealers, selling drugs, lying under oath about illegal searches, and other crimes. Although not enough data was available upon which to base an estimate of the extent of corruption, the amount of cases of police corruption proved that it was striking enough to concern the public. The most commonly id entified patterns of corruption involved small groups of officers who protected and assisted each other in criminal activities. The demands of the public and politicians, however, have caused an outrage and a fear that open investigations and accusations of corruption will cause the problem of distrust in the police to grow even greater. Some police forces seem to have adopted a market-based approach to law enforcement. Several drug related pedophiles and even murderers were believed to have walked out of police headquarters free-if- poorer men (Klockars, p 76). In one small town in New Mexico more than 30 suspected pedophiles were arrested in the span of 18 months but only one case went to court. The other suspects were released after paying a hefty bail, or a straightforward bribe. There is evidence that some police officials fleece tourists by first planting drugs on them and then demanding bribes. Unbelievably, there are cases of corruption that are far worse. Two have been charged with keeping a brothel, for which they are alleged to have kidnapped a 15-year-old virgin. Another officer set up a children's home, which he advertised as a charity. Charlie's Shelter in fact offered young boys for sex. The local police record an unusual number of suicides and mysterious incidents of heart failure. One detective faile d to notice that a tourist, whom he diagnosed as having been beaten to death, had been shot at point-blank range. Perhaps the officer in question was distracted by the strain of managing his second-hand car business. The people in charge of the police organizations are not blind to what is going on; some are just too scared to admit that there are corrupt officers in their force. Others may just really not know what is going on while the rest are either involved in the corruption or speaking up and trying to stop the dishonesty. For example, Roy Penrose, director-general of a new squad, warned the public that a small but significant number of officers were known to be selling police information and aiding former officers and criminals as to the whereabouts of safe havens where they could go unharmed in dealing in their drug trades. He pledged to be ruthless in sacking corrupt and incompetent officers (Welch, p 13). James Wood, a former Supreme Court judge, was well suited to staying the distance with an inquiry that many in the police force hoped would fizzle out soon after it began. Mr. Wood chose as his chief weapon the power of public exposure-filmed evidence that revealed police officers allegedly taking bribes or dealing in drugs. The commission's staff also made use of roll over witnesses, policemen who admitted corruption and then agreed to finger colleagues in return for immunity from prosecution. The star informer was Trevor Haken, a former detective sergeant who helped to install miniature video cameras in the dashboard of a police car and in the light fittings of a prostitute's home. The cameras caught one senior policeman being handed wads of cash by another, allegedly his cut of a drug deal, and a third policeman accepting drugs from a prostitute and asking her if she could obtain child pornography. When television news programs showed the video clips, the public was predictably

Free Essays on Guernica

Guernica The piece I chose is Guernica, the mural painted for the Spanish Pavilion of the Paris’s World Fair by Pablo Picasso. Standing at 11'6" x 25'8", its massive size does not help mask the symbolic brutality from its viewers. Using only black, white and grey oil paints, this mural is riddles the canvas with symbolism, begging its viewer to decipher its underlaying message. The Guernica uses its images as a language with Picasso playing narrator the story unveils. Everything in the piece has something more to say than what it is presenting. The inspiration from Guernica came from the destruction of the Basque town of Guernica . This town was destroyed by German aircraft at the request of Spanish Nationalist commander Gen. Emilio Mola. They used a technique called saturation bombing which was later used on a larger scale in World War 2. The bombing killed a countless amount of people. The horse representing the people is being stabbed with a spear, to show the people of Guernica dying. The soldier with the broken sword representing resistance. The candle and lightbulb aluminate the horrific scene and the eye tells all to view what is before them. A woman holding her dead child reminiscent of the pieta and the bull behind her representing brutality . Desperate attempts to escape and people being burned alive only magnify the horrific reality that the of Guernica lived through. Guernica was done in black white and grey to capture the drama. What seems to be newspaper text is almost completely covering the horse. Picasso used this to tell us the truth. All the lines seem to intersect and play a part in each others space. â€Å" The Cubists threw out the traditional techniques of perspective, rejected foreshortening and the imitation of nature. They represented a new reality in paintings that depicted radically fragmented objects in multiple views† -Pioch Cubism gained it name from an art critic by the name of Luis Vaux... Free Essays on Guernica Free Essays on Guernica Guernica The piece I chose is Guernica, the mural painted for the Spanish Pavilion of the Paris’s World Fair by Pablo Picasso. Standing at 11'6" x 25'8", its massive size does not help mask the symbolic brutality from its viewers. Using only black, white and grey oil paints, this mural is riddles the canvas with symbolism, begging its viewer to decipher its underlaying message. The Guernica uses its images as a language with Picasso playing narrator the story unveils. Everything in the piece has something more to say than what it is presenting. The inspiration from Guernica came from the destruction of the Basque town of Guernica . This town was destroyed by German aircraft at the request of Spanish Nationalist commander Gen. Emilio Mola. They used a technique called saturation bombing which was later used on a larger scale in World War 2. The bombing killed a countless amount of people. The horse representing the people is being stabbed with a spear, to show the people of Guernica dying. The soldier with the broken sword representing resistance. The candle and lightbulb aluminate the horrific scene and the eye tells all to view what is before them. A woman holding her dead child reminiscent of the pieta and the bull behind her representing brutality . Desperate attempts to escape and people being burned alive only magnify the horrific reality that the of Guernica lived through. Guernica was done in black white and grey to capture the drama. What seems to be newspaper text is almost completely covering the horse. Picasso used this to tell us the truth. All the lines seem to intersect and play a part in each others space. â€Å" The Cubists threw out the traditional techniques of perspective, rejected foreshortening and the imitation of nature. They represented a new reality in paintings that depicted radically fragmented objects in multiple views† -Pioch Cubism gained it name from an art critic by the name of Luis Vaux...

Gastropod Fast Facts

Gastropod Fast Facts The class Gastropoda includes snails, slugs, limpets, and sea hares; the common name for all of these animals is gastropods. Gastropods are a subset of mollusks, an extremely diverse group that includes over 40,000 species. A seashell is a gastropod although this class contains many shell-less animals as well. Fast Facts: Gastropods Scientific Name: GastropodaCommon Name(s): Snails, slugs, limpets, and sea haresBasic Animal Group: InvertebrateSize: From .04–8 inchesLifespan: 20–50 yearsDiet:  Carnivore or HerbivorePopulation: UnknownHabitat: Oceans, waterways and terrestrial environments of all sorts worldwideConservation Status: Most are Least Concern, at least 250 are extinct, and many others Near Threatened or Endangered. Description Examples of gastropods include  whelks, conchs, periwinkles, abalone,  limpets, and  nudibranchs. Many gastropods  such as snails and limpets  have one shell. Sea slugs, like nudibranchs and sea hares, do not have a shell, although they may have an internal shell made of protein. Gastropods come in a wide variety of colors, shapes, and sizes. Gastropods with one shell use it to hide in. The shell is usually coiled  and may be left-handed or sinistral (spiraled counter-clockwise) or right-handed or dextral (clockwise). Gastropods move using a muscular foot. Due to torsion, a behavior in which the gastropod twists the top of its body 180 degrees with respect to its foot as they grow, adult gastropods are asymmetrical in form. The class of gastropods belongs to the Animalia kingdom and the Mollusca phylum. fotandy/Getty Images   Habitat and Distribution Gastropods live just about everywhere on Earth- in salt water, fresh water, and on land. In the oceans, they live in both shallow, intertidal areas and the deep sea. On land, they are in wet marshy environments to deserts, from shorelines and beaches to the mountaintops. The complexity of a given habitat, whether on sea or shore or mountaintop, positively affects the density and richness of the gastropods found within it. Diet and Behavior This diverse group of organisms employs a wide range of feeding mechanisms. Some are herbivores and some are  carnivores. Most feed using a radula, a bony structure of tiny teeth used for scraping food off a surface. The whelk, a type of gastropod, use their radula to drill a hole into the shell of other organisms for food.  Food is digested in the stomach. Because of the torsion process, the food enters the stomach through the posterior (back) end, and wastes leave through the anterior (front) end.   Annika Bornheim / EyeEm / Getty Images Reproduction and Offspring Some gastropods have both sexual organs, meaning that some are hermaphroditic. One interesting animal is the slipper shell, which may start out as a male and then change to a female.  Depending on the species, gastropods may reproduce by releasing gametes into the water, or by transferring the males sperm into the female, who uses it to fertilize her eggs. Once the eggs hatch, the gastropod is usually planktonic larvae called a veliger, which may feed on plankton or not feed at all. Eventually, the veliger undergoes metamorphosis and forms a juvenile gastropod. All young (larval stage) gastropods rotate their body as they grow, resulting in the placement of the gills and anus above the head. Gastropods have adapted in a variety of ways to avoid polluting their breathing water with their own wastes. Threats Most gastropods on earth are listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as Least Concerned. However, there are many exceptions, such as the Xerocrassa montserratensis, a terrestrial gastropod that lives in shrublands and mountain peaks in Spain and is listed as endangered by fires and fire suppression and recreational activities. Well over 200 species are listed as extinct by the IUCN; many others, particularly freshwater and terrestrial species, are listed as endangered. Sources Aktipis, S.W. et al. Gastropoda: an overview and analysis. Phylogeny and Evolution of the Mollusca. Eds. Ponder, W. and D.L. Lindberg. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008. 201–237.Auld, J. R., and P. Jarne. Sex and Recombination in Snails. Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. Ed. Kliman, Richard M. Oxford: Academic Press, 2016. 49–60.  Beck, Michael W. Separating the Elements of Habitat Structure: Independent Effects of Habitat Complexity and Structural Components on Rocky Intertidal Gastropods. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 249.1 (2000): 29-49.Frà ½da, J. Fossil Invertebrates: Gastropods. Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. Elsevier, 2013.  Martà ­nez-Ortà ­, A. Xerocrassa montserratensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011: e.T22254A9368348, 2011.

Statistical Parameters of the Company ABC Essay - 3

Statistical Parameters of the Company ABC - Essay Example As the paper stresses, sales in the second quarter in every year decreased with respect to the first quarter; however, it kept growing in q3, and q4. This implies the seasonal influence on sales of this product. Nevertheless, the general trend of sales per year demonstrates growth, which is also confirmed by the mean and median values displayed in Table 1 and Figure 3. Percentile and Quartile Comparison of Sales. The data set consists of 20 values. The company achieved 25 percentile in the fourth quarter of 2000; 50 percentile in the second quarter of year 2003, and 75 percentile in the third quarter of 2003. The study reveals that it took 14 quarters to achieve first 50 percentile while the company achieved the second 50 percentile in 6 quarters. The growth should be considered as fast starting from the year 2003. In this year, the company achieved 17% growth in the third quarter with respect to second quarter. The sample data set consists of 30 values and it shows a trend of sales through five years. The aforementioned section provided an analysis of past trend, which are displayed in tables and graphs. This section focuses on the evaluation of quarterly sales for the next two years based on the history of previous sales. The future sales prediction is performed using regression analysis and time series technique. Regression Analysis. Regression analysis prediction is based on the interdependency of two variables; one is independent and the other is dependent. In this study, sales are the dependent variables that follow a seasonal trend, which is displayed in Figure 5. The seasonal trend in this analysis is considered as independent variable.

Genetics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Genetics - Assignment Example Accordingly, the accumulation of mutant mtDNA in the reproductive tissues appears to underlie/impair fetal viability, thus, increasing chances of having recurrent miscarriages. 8 In the following pedigrees, the disorders or traits presented follow simple patterns of Mendelian inheritance. For each trait, determine the most probable mode of inheritance, stating whether the trait is due to an autosomal or X-linked gene, and a dominant or recessive allele. In each case, indicate and explain the evidence for each pattern, giving at least one statement and example from the pedigree to defend each part of your analysis. Then, providing a legend for your symbols, assign genotypes to the specified individuals. (15 marks) 9 Achondroplasia is an autosomal dominant disorder associated with a gene on chromosome 4. Sickle cell anaemia is due to a gene on chromosome 11. A man and a woman with achondroplasia, who each had a normal parent, are carriers for sickle cell anaemia. Every individual has two copies of each of the genes in their system, one from each parent. The color of the human eye color is determined by at least three hereditable genes. However, only two are well understood. A gene often has two alleles: a dominant one that confers eye color (B for blue eye color) and a recessive one which gives rise to the brown eye color. A brown eyed dad and a green eyed mom may be carriers of the recessive gene of eye color, and thus be able to pass down brown eye genes to their children. As alluded to in the diagram above, both parents are carriers of the brown eyes genes. There is, thus, a slim chance that brown eyed child [bb/gg] being born in the family. Both lead to monoallelic expression [without altering the genetic sequence]; that is genomic imprinting and X-inactivation share certain physical properties such as DNA hypermethylation, altered replication timing

Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Global Warming Essay Introduction Usually when people think of global warming they think of hotter weather. This is not necessarily correct. Global warming is not something that happens over one season but happens gradually overtime. The term global warming is a bit deceptive because it leads people to believe the temperatures will get hotter, this is not the case. Climate change impacts the hydrology and biology of our planet. This can cause stormier, dryer and even in some cases, colder weather. (Maria Trimarchi, 2014) Cultural Relativism When we think of global warming we typically just think about how the climate change is affecting our society. We do not stop and think how the changes affect other under-developed cultures. The article discusses how many under privileged countries die a lot sooner because of climate change. Something that developed countries would not see as quickly. (Sarah DeWeerdt, 2013) Understanding that the carbons and methane we use here in the United States not only affects our air quality and climate control but can have effects in Africa and other countries. The article discusses how the changes in weather from really dry heat to instant down pours of rain affects the agriculture. (Sarah DeWeerdt, 2013) This not only means the region experiencing this change is burdened by the increase and decrease in the climate, but countries doing import and export exchange is also affected. Ethiopia already experiences social and economical problems; climate change will make this country suffer even greater problems. National Geographic states the country already loses thousands of people a year due to effects from the climate. If global warming continues the effects would be catastrophic. (Alan Corbis, 2007) Mechanical Social Solidarity The term social solidarity refers to how a society unifies as a whole in aspects like interests, standards, objectives and sympathies. (Book Reference) Society can take a mechanical or organic approach to this philosophy. A mechanical solidarity society shows high emphasis on religion, society’s interest and has relatively low population rates. An example of this population group would be small tribes in Africa, Ethiopia and South America. Organic Solidarity is the complete opposite. They focus more on secular religion, material possessions, and high population and are human-oriented. The biggest example is America but you could also list China and Japan under this category. (Webster’s Dictionary) The article discusses how global warming is caused by omissions of carbon and methane into the atmosphere. (Sarah DeWeerdt, 2013) Our bigger organic solidarity societies are causing the global warming problems for the mechanical societies. It is unfortunate that we are not only ruining the environment for ourselves but we are also ruining it for innocent bystanders. Ethiopia being one of the poorest countries is being the most hurt by our materialist greed. They do not have the resources to even try and make a difference. Conflict Theory Conflict theories put emphasis on social, political, or material inequalities of a social group. Conflict theories draw attention to power differentials, such as class conflict and generally contrast historical ideologies. (Book reference) Understanding conflict theory is important to see how developed countries are hurting and hindering the development of under-developed countries. Until we draw a full understanding of this, a resolution cannot occur. The article discusses the differences and challenges under-developed countries face compared to developed countries. The risk of disease like Malaria is higher because of contamination and the inability to vaccinate. The United States faces mosquito problems but we do not have the issues of contaminated water. Plus our country also has vaccines to protect our  population unlike most parts of Africa and other countries. (Sarah DeWeerdt, 2013) The article discusses the dry temperatures will cause an increase in mosquitoes and the risk of contracting a disease from insects will increase. Vaccines are a concern but also the inability to control the insect contamination. Major countries have preventatives to control the reproduction of insects. Smaller countries do not have the means to control this growing problem. (Sarah DeWeerdt, 2013) If global warming continues to increase, so will the dangers all from all the effects. Conclusion Our planet as a whole must come up with a solution that protects everyone from the effects of global warming. The countries that pose a risk of losing the most are the ones that do not have the resources to contribute much to the solution. These are also the countries that do not contribute to the problem. Generating lower carbon and methane technology is a must. We need our government and other high power governments to increase federal funding to programs that help in promoting this technology. REFERENCES Corbis, A. (2007). Global Warming Effects. National Geographic. Retrieved on April 24, 2014 from http://www.environment.nationalgeographic.com/global-warming/gw-effects DeWeerdt, S. (2013). Climate Change, Coming Home: Global warming Effects on Population. World Watch. Retrieved from http://www.worldwatch.org/global-warming Trimarchi, M. (2014). Top 10 Worst Effects of Global Warming. Discovery. Retrieved on April 24, 2014 from www.discovery.com/topics/worst_effects_global_warming

hamlet: sanity vs insanity Essay example -- essays research papers

As stated by Ms. Turk, â€Å"If a person in a rational state of mind decides to act crazy, to abuse the people around him regardless of whether he loves those people or hates them, and to give free expression to all his antisocial thoughts, when he starts to carry out those actions, its it possible to say at what point the stops pretending and starts actually being crazy?†. In Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the way others interpret Hamlet’s behavior is different from the way Hamlet views himself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hamlet is in a situation where his sanity is turning into insanity. He is like one of those people who tell so many lies that they start believing their own lies. Hamlet’s acting is so vivid to him that, unconsciously, his state of mind has become irrational. He is turning against everyone in order to follow the orders of revenge from his father’s ghost. In order to do so, he is finding any possible way to bring out the guilt in everyone due to his father’s murder. In Act III, scene ii, Hamlet has written parts for players to put on a show for Claudius in order for him to bring out the guilt within Claudius. The play doesn’t affect Claudius until it is revealed that Lucianus, the kings nephew, is the one that kills the king. Claudius then cries out due to the fear of Hamlet killing him. Also, in this scene, Hamlet admired Horatio’s level-headedness and calmness because those are some qualities that Hamlet lacks. Hamlet tries to b reak his mother down in Act ...

Pablo Picasso

Picasso works were influenced by Yawners Turbid De Hernandez Professor Michael Cain English Composition II April 10, 2013 Many of Picasso works are influenced by his father who was a painter, for the death of his close friend Carols Cameras, and also for the World War I (Spanish civil war- Queering). Picasso love for art was somewhat genetic. His father, Jose Uric Balsas, was a painter as well and he loved art. Picasso was quick to express his desire for art.Picasso father began teaching him to draw and paint from early childhood, and by the time he was 13 years old his painting were already better than his father's. He lost all desire to do any schoolwork and instead spent the school days doodling in his notebook. Picasso recalled, â€Å"For being a bad student, they would send me to the cells, I loved it when they sent me there, because I could take a pad of paper and draw nonstop. † (A+E Television Networks, 1996-2013 ). Other influence in his work was when his close friend Carols Cameras died.He felt lonely and deeply depressed over the death of his friend, he painted scenes of poverty, isolation and anguish using exclusively blues and greens. This was Picasso Blue Period – 1901-1904. The subject matter for this period was poor people of the streets, beggars, prostitutes, drunks and poor gaunt people. He also depicted old and sick people and despairing lovers. The paintings showed themes of alienation, poverty and psychological depression. The mood of the paintings were somber and were influenced by his time in Spain, a visit to the Saint Lazars women's prison and also the suicide of his friend Cameras.Picasso most famous work, Queering is certainly the his most powerful political statement, painted as an immediate reaction to the Nazi's devastating casual mobbing practice on the Basque town of Queering during Spanish Civil War. Queering was a unique painting for Picasso to create because he never wanted to be influenced by the outside world. Historians argue that Queering is the exception and Picasso allowed him-self to be influenced and expressed his views. Queering shows the tragedies of war and the suffering it inflicts upon individuals, particularly innocent civilians.This work has gained a monumental status, becoming a perpetual reminder of the tragedies of war, an anti-war symbol, and an embodiment of peace. On completion Queering was displayed around the world in a brief tour, becoming famous and widely acclaimed. This tour helped bring the Spanish Civil War to the world's attention. Queering is a town in the province of Biscayne in Basque Country. During the Spanish Civil War, it was regarded as the northern bastion of the Republican resistance movement and the epicenter of Basque culture, adding to its significance as a target.In 26 April 1937, warplanes of the German Condor Legion, commanded by Colonel Wolfram von Ricocheted, bombed Queering for about two hours. After the bombing, Picasso was made aware of wha t had gone on in his country of origin. At the time, he was working on a mural for the Paris Exhibition to be held in the summer of 1937, commissioned by the Spanish Republican government. He deserted his original idea and on 1 May 1937, began on Queering. (www. Pillowcases. Org. , 2009-Present ) Picasso works were important in the Art. Picasso produced a painting unlike anything he or anyone else had ever painted before. Less Demolishes Davidson† (1907), is considered the precursor and inspiration of Cubism, an artistic Tyler pioneered by Picasso. By 1911 Picasso was recognized as the inventor of Cubism, which is breaking down objects or people in to somewhat geometric forms to form the composition. Then, from 1927 Picasso became caught up in a new philosophical and cultural movement, Surrealism, whose artistic manifestation was an offspring of his own cubism. Pablo Picasso stands alone as the most celebrated and influential painter of the twentieth century. His technical mas tery, creativity and profound empathy distinguish him as a revolutionary artist. Pablo Picasso English Version I am going to be talking about the famous Spanish painter Pablo Uric y Picasso. Pablo Uric y Picasso was a famous Spanish painter during the early sass's. He was also a famous sculptor, ceramicist, printmaker, and stage designer. He was most famous for his paintings. He painted in an abstract manner which changed the effects of the paintings. Picasso paintings are found in many museums. These painting are divided into many periods that correspond to his life. The first period was the blue period. This period had sad paintings in the color of blue and green.The second period was that of the pink period. During this period, his work was more cheery. The most famous painting of this time was the Boy With a Pipe. The third period was the African-Influenced Period. The paintings of this time were influenced by African artifacts. The most famous painting was that of The Decompiles Davidson. The next period was that of Cubism. This period had two parts. These were that of sy nthetic and analytical. Towards the final part of his painting career, Pablo Picasso came into classicism and surrealism.

The Success or Failure of Baz Luhrmann’s Movie, The Great Gatsby

Baz Luhrmann’s The Great Gatsby attempts to recreate the novel, but fails miserably. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby is very different in meaning from Luhrmann’s filmic adaptation. The film, unlike the novel, makes Gatsby seem like a fool in love, and fails to show the idealism behind Gatsby’s dream. Baz Luhrmann’s The Great Gatsby attempts to recreate F. Scott Fitzgerald’s themes, but ends up failing miserably. The film tried to juggle too many themes at once, rather than focusing a couple crucial ones throughout the movie. The film was unable to convey the failure of the â€Å"American Dream† that Fitzgerald so aptly analyzed throughout his novel. Fitzgerald, unlike Luhrmann, was able to make the reader see that Gatsby’s vision (all of his wealth and grandeur had a purpose: to win over Daisy), which parallels the â€Å"American Dream† that many people strive for. The impossibility of this dream is keyed in on through the dialogue between Nick and Gatsby during Luhrmann’s film, but it does not even come close to achieving the same effect that Fitzgerald did in his novel. Luhrmann focuses on how Gatsby’s hope and determination to repeat the past in this one scene, but fails to tie this in throughout the movie. This important theme is forgotten by the end of the film because of how gaudily the film is stylized. The film may have accurately portrayed the imagery of the extravagant parties that Fitzgerald vividly described, but the glitzy diversions detract from the central themes. The disjointedness of the film, as a result of these distractions, cause the viewer to forget the content of the film. Luhrmann’s attention to the visual and musical aspects of the film prevented the film from exploring the themes that Fitzgerald was able to do by ensuring that the imagery served a greater purpose (not just to become a box office success in Luhrmann’s case). Also, the changes to Nick’s character are significant as it shifts the focus from Gatsby to Nick. Fitzgerald purposefully leaves Nick’s life ambiguous, but Luhrmann attempts to give Nick’s departure from the East an edge by turning him into a drunkard. By doing this, Luhrmann emphasizes the excesses of the time, and ends up

Free Essays on Basquiat Buzzwords

and symbols seem at first to be unimportant, and only after looking deeper can one reach any conclusions. Jean Michel Basquiat exhibits contempt for the use of religion and God to man... Free Essays on Basquiat Buzzwords Free Essays on Basquiat Buzzwords Basquiat’s Buzzwords Born in 1960, Jean Michael Basquiat lived most of his life in New York City. Jean was the product of a multi-racial couple. His mother was half Puerto Rican and half African, and his father was Haitian. Jean rebelled against his middle class status that he was born into. He took to the streets where he felt more comfortable. He was not ashamed of, nor did he try to hide his middle class background from the media, but his personal embrace of the lower class legitimized his statements artistically. Once exposed to the neglected poverty and mistreatment of America’s minorities, Jean’s paintings reflected his discontent. Although, Jean was not considered a political activist many political themes could be found in his work. After a career that lasted only seven years Jean-Michael Basquait died at the young age of twenty seven. Jean repeated themes in his paintings, portraying his ideas innovatively and intellectually. His paintings at first glance seem to have a primitive style, but the symbolism he uses and his chaotic, technique enhances the impact of the message he tries to send. His use of words, phrases, arrows, symbols and scribbles are the reason for much of this, but maybe he felt as if his message would not be heard unless he made use of them. His messages are bold and defiant; at times, his paintings almost express a sort of anger and contempt towards the human condition. It seems that his works suggest a deep-rooted hostility toward the exploitation and corruption of the innocent for capital gain through the use of religion, the stealing of land from natives, and excessive industrialization and commercialism at the expense of those who have no power to change any undesired effect. The placement of words and symbols seem at first to be unimportant, and only after looking deeper can one reach an y conclusions. Jean Michel Basquiat exhibits contempt for the use of religion and God to man...

College Science Fair Projects by Topic

College Science Fair Projects by Topic It can be a challenge to come up with a science fair project idea. There is fierce competition to come up with the coolest idea, plus you need a topic that is considered appropriate for your educational level.   A well-designed project at the college level can open the door to future educational and career opportunities, so it pays to put some thought and effort into your topic. A good project will answer a question and test a hypothesis. Planning and Research College students usually have a semester to complete their project, so they have some time to plan and conduct research. The goal at this level is to find an original topic. It doesnt have to be something complicated or time-consuming. Also, appearances count. Aim for professional-quality images and presentation. Handwritten work and drawings wont work as well as a printed report or poster with photographs. Possible ideas, divided by topic, include: Plants and Seeds Does the presence of detergent in water affect plant growth? In what ways? What is the implication regarding water pollution?Does magnetism affect the growth of plants? In what way?Is a seed affected by its size? Do different size seeds have different germination rates? Does seed size affect the growth rate or final size of a plant?How close does a plant have to be to a pesticide for the pesticide to work? What factors influence the effectiveness of a pesticide, such as rain, light or wind? How much can you dilute a pesticide while retaining its effectiveness? How effective are natural pest deterrents?What is the effect of a chemical on a plant? You can look at natural pollutants- such as motor oil or runoff from a busy street- or unusual substances, for example, orange juice or baking soda. Factors that you can measure include rate of plant growth, leaf size, life/death of the plant, the color of the plant, and ability to flower/bear fruit.How does cold storage affect the germinatio n of seeds? Factors you can control include the type of seeds, length of storage and the temperature of storage, light, and humidity. Food How does the shape of an ice cube affect how quickly it melts?Do the same types of mold grow on all types of bread? Are certain preservatives better at inhibiting dangerous molds than others?Is the nutritional content of different brands of a vegetable (such as canned peas) the same? How much variation is there in any given product? Miscellaneous What forms of recycling are available to students? If college students participated in these recycling programs, what would be the effect on cost, the environment?Do consumers prefer bleached paper products or natural-color paper products? What factors affect the preference? Age? Socioeconomic status? Gender?Solve a problem. For example, can you design a better type of street intersection?

Religion and Theology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Religion and Theology - Research Paper Example Therefore, this essay has the intention of discussing the existing beliefs of Christianity and those of Buddhism and they differ. Additionally, the paper will attempt to determine the inherent factors that influence afterlife in both religions such as soul is to Christianity and the mind to Buddhism. Alternatively, it is essential to note that while Christians believe in the existence of one God who defines matters of afterlife; Buddhists do not harbor such beliefs. However, the same Buddhist believes that the power of humanity lies in the purity of their minds whereby enlightenment is attained. There are various differences between Christianity and Buddhism on the context of their beliefs in the soul and afterlife. However, it is imperative to discuss the individual beliefs of Christianity and Buddhism in respect to how the soul relates with the existence of a person after he/she is dead. The basic Christian beliefs entail the belief that only one God exists (Bloom, 2012). This is b acked by the writings of the bible from the books of John, Corinthians, and Galatians among others. Similarly, most Christians believe God is in form on a Trinity. In other words, there is God the Father, the Son and God the Holy Spirit or Holy Grail. On the same note, a deep belief in Christianity maintains that God has the omnipotent power or is extremely powerful and hence is control of the entire universe. This is supported by the verse in the book of Psalm 115:3 among other biblical books. For the record, Christianity makes the allusion their God is the all powerful God. Furthermore, God is present everywhere or has omnipresence autonomy according basic Christian beliefs. There is also the element of sovereignty in the belief of Christians suggesting an element of a Supreme Being who is in control (Masih, 2000). Apart from the aforementioned elements of God, Christians also have an inherent belief in the existence of an afterlife. In the same aspect, Christians have a deep beli ef that a place called exists where sinners who have not repented are banished. Other basic beliefs of Christianity believe that God is true, God is love and God is the overall creator of all that lives among others. On the other hand, there are also basic Buddhism beliefs. For example, Buddhism follows the path of other beliefs in the context that it has its divisions. This suggests that it also shares the conventional set of the significant beliefs. On that aspect, one of the fundamental beliefs inherent with Buddhism is called reincarnation (Moreman, 2010). This entails the concept that there is rebirth of people after their death. In other words, the religion maintains that people go through phases of birth, living and rebirth. On that note, there are religious differences between the concepts of reincarnation and rebirth on the context of Buddhism. For example, in reincarnation, a person may appear many times in different forms after death while in rebirth, an individual does n ot have to return to the earth. In other words, the entity of the person does not return to the earth again. This comparison is usually done to a leaf growing on tree. There is always an eventual replacement of a withered leaf that has fallen off. Alternatively, there is a similarity to an old leaf but not the same as the original leaf. It is after many phases whereby an individual exudes the attachment of self and desire and the stage of Nirvana is reached (Steinfels, 2009). It is also a state of freedom from suffering and liberation. In that prospect, there are three practices or trainings of Buddhism. They include Sila that mean morality, good conduct or

Provide an in-depth analysis of the Gong Lum v. Rice case Study

Provide an in-depth analysis of the Gong Lum v. Rice - Case Study Example Bayor asserts that Lum was denied a chance at Rosedale Consolidated High School because of her Chinese descent (45). This was in favor of the White students, who were allowed in this high school. The defendants in the case were responsible for her racial exclusion from the learning institution. The defendant included the Mississippi state superintendent, the board of trustees of the school, and Rice. The petitioners of the case indicate that there was no school that catered for the students of Chinese descent. The constitution of Mississippi stipulates that a common school fund should be available in every county to cater for the student needs. The fund ought to constitute of the taxation obtained from the public contributions and the apportionments from the treasury department. This fund is meant to support schools for four months. The plea of the case is based on the breach of this requirement of the constitution. This is because Rosedale Consolidated High School was an appropriate school for Martha Lum. More to that, her father was a taxpayer who also helped to support the running of the school as stipulated in the legislative document. This implied that denying her the right to attend and learn in Rosedale high school was tantamount to racial discrimination, which was not allowed by Mississippi’s constitution. In essence, the fact that Martha was educable is substantial for her to be allowed to progress in her education and career. According to Dickson, it is Martha’s constitutional right to access education given that she was not a member of the colored race (67). The colored race, especially Mongolians, was verboten in the Mississippi County. The court ruled that a writ of mandamus be invoked according to the petition filed to stop the hindering of Martha attending the school. The appeal of the defendants against the ruling of the supreme court of Mississippi culminated in a stern directive by the

Language in society Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Language in society - Assignment Example Gender stereotypes are basic generalizations about the gender attributes, variations and the roles of individuals or groups. Gender stereotypes can be both positive and negative, perpetuated when people automatically apply assumptions based on gender to others in disregard of evidence to the contrary.Looking at the linguistic behavior of both women and men across languages; we will identify many specific differences. Gender stereotypes can be identified in the use of language in diverse contexts. Historically, Language forms may maintain old attitudes which portray men as morally, intellectually, spiritually or absolutely superior to women. Men and women are socially diverse in that society places special social roles for them, expecting different patterns of behavior (Trudgill, 1992). This may cause offence in today’s society, so we view these forms as appropriate for change. For example, terms such as men, man or mankind depict male as the norm-the term for the species or pe ople in general is identical to that referring to one sex only. It had been so different three years ago, the night she'd met Stefan de Vaux. There'd been a party. Bella always threw a party when she'd sold a picture because poverty, she'd explained, was a great inspiration. She'd been wearing a brilliant blue caftan, her fair hair twisted on the top of her head, the severity of it accenting her high cheekbones, the little jade Buddha gleaming on its silver chain round her neck. Claire, pale from England and the illness that had allowed her to come to Tangier to recuperate, had been passed from guest to guest - "Ah, you're Bella's cousin" - like a plate of canapes, she thought ruefully, attractive but unexciting. Until Stefan de Vaux had taken her out onto the balcony and kissed her. "Well?" he'd said softly, in his lightly accented voice, letting her go at last, and she had just stood there, staring at him, at his lean, outrageously handsome face, his laughing mouth, amber brown ey es. "Angry? Pleased? Shocked?" And she'd blushed furiously, feeling all three. This article can be analyzed to reveal whether men and women speak differently, and to explore the nature of masculinity and femininity and their association to ideologies conveyed in language. Women supposedly speak in emphatic language that includes the use of italics. For example, the speaker in the article uses the words ‘so different’ or ‘ruefully’ to create emphasis in her speech. Use of redundant qualifiers, also linked to women’s language is evident in the phrases ‘attractive but unexciting’, ‘lightly accented voice’, ‘outrageously handsome face’ and ‘amber brown eyes’. The speaker employs the use of direct quotation when she talks of â€Å"Ah, you're Bella's cousin", "Angry? Pleased? Shocked?" and "Well?" in her description of the conversations between characters. Use of special lexis of color can be identified in the phrases ‘a brilliant blue caftan’ and ‘silver chain’. Women use questions more often in speech as a rhetorical means of engaging the other partner’s conversational contribution or of getting attention from others conversationally. This can be spotted in the article where the speaker asks the

LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 .1 Definition of Consumer Behaviour

LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 .1 Definition of Consumer Behaviour Consumer behaviour can be defined as the study of individuals, groups or organisations and the processes they use to select, secure, use and dispose of products, services, experiences or ideas to satisfy needs and the impacts that these processes have on the consumer and society. (Hawkins, Best, and Coney, 2001, p7.) This definition contain a sequential process involving different activities that can be influence to the consumer in a number of ways. The study of Consumer Behaviour is the study of how individuals make decisions to spend their available resources (time, money, and effort) on consumption-related items. It includes the study of what they buy, why they but it, when they buy it, where they buy it, how often they buy it, and how often they use it. It concludes elements from psychology, sociology, social anthropology and economics. Consumer behaviour goal is to understand the buyer decision making process, both individually and in groups. It studies characteristics of individual consumers such as demographics and behavioural variables in an attempt to understand peoples wants. Although this subject study on how and why consumers make decisions to buy goods and services, consumer behaviour research goes far beyond these facets of consumer behaviour and encompasses all of the behaviours that consumers display in searching for, purchasing using,evaluating, and disposing of products and services that they key expect will sa tisfy their needs. And other definitions is emphasise the mental, emotional, and physical processes and needs and wants, as well as the influence of perceived risk. (Arens, 1999, p129) The literature generally distinguishes between individual consumer buying and organisational purchasing processes. Wilson (2000) argues that the distinction is artificial and a generic behavioural model must be developed for both individual and organisational consumers with appropriate contextual adjustment. The field of consumer behaviour is enormous, and highlights the importance of the customer at the centre of the marketers universe. Every each consumers is unique with different needs and wants and buying choices and habits and choice that are in turn tempered by psychological and social drivers that affect purchase decision processes. (Brassington and Pettitt, 2000). The literature review concludes a high level overview about consumer behaviour. It contains consumer behaviour from an individual perspective and considers consumer behaviour in the context of a rational purchasing decision process. It is including a perspective on the ethical responsibility of marketers. Foxall (1993) notes that a purely behavioural approach, which relies on observed results as a means to infer the end result of human information processing should be supplemented by an evolutionary explanation. He suggests that evolution is a causal mechanism which accounts for selection or a decision by consequence. The experience of results of prior and similar behaviour (operant conditioning), environmental influences, and cultural changes should be considered in order to explain and predict changes in consumer behaviour. The argument is therefore, that the principle of selection by environmental consequence will enhance behaviourist thinking in a marketing context. When we analyzing about the consumer behaviour is perceived as cornerstone of a successful marketing strategy (Papers4you.com, 2006). Consumer behaviour is mental and emotional processes and the observable behaviour of consumers during searching purchasing and post consumption of a product and service (Batra Kazmi, 2004). Similarly Engel (et al, 1990) refers consumer behaviour is the action and decision process of people who wants to purchase goods and services for personal consumption. If these defining criteria are already observed, it is evident that we analyzing consumers decision making process is the foundation of entire notion of consumer behaviour. There are four different views related to consumer decision making process and behaviour (Schiffman Kanuk, 2004). The first views is economic view that consumers are primarily face competition and they are always expected to make rational decision on the basis of assumptions that they are aware of all product alternatives, they can rank benefits and limitation of each alternative and able to identify one of the best alternative. Second views is Passive View is absolutely opposite to economic view and this view suggest that consumers are irrational and impulsive as they are submissive to self-center interests of marketers and that consumers got influenced by the marketing tools. And the third views is Emotional View. This view related to perceive consumers decision making based on their emotional association or feeling about some products and services. Example, if a person loosing red colour pen neither go for rational decision by evaluating alternatives (economic view) or the perso n get influenced by marketers (passive view). Thus the person will try to purchase any ring closely resembled with his favourite. And the last views is Cognitive View where consumers are considered as thinking problem solver. which are receptive as well as actively searching for the products and services that can fill their need. Consumers behaviour under this view is based on information seeking and processing attributes usually directed by a goal. For example, buying a tooth paste from shop can have a certain goal of choosing product that can taste good (Papers4you.com, 2006). Â  Despite of critiques for each viewpoint, it can be considered a valid argument, that all four types of decision making behaviour exist and provide marketer guidelines to analyze consumer accordingly. After we anaylyze the data from each viewpoint, it can be considered a valid argument, that all four types of decision making behaviour are exist and provide marketer guidelines to analyze about consumer habits. Based on the general perception about most acknowledged and common cognitive view, Batra Kazmi (2004) asserts broader stages of a consumers decision making process that includes identification of problem (feeling need of a new car), information search (on internet and showrooms), alternatives evaluation (comparing brands, for example like on basis of repute and features), outlet selection and purchase (purchasing selected item) and post-purchase action (satisfaction or dissonance).

Ted Bundy Essays -- essays research papers

Murder is the most vindictive crime society can commit. As individuals in society, the belief of being born a murderer is false. No one is born a murderer; society gives birth to that murderer. In Ted Bundy's case the lack of parental guidance and constant rejection of women contributed to him evolving into a vicious serial killer. Bundy was a man who let his fantasies run his life, he believed that life was a game. All this contributed to making Bundy revengeful, bitter, and not quite mentally stable. Bundy took countless numbers of young female lives in the 70's. This man seemed to have a highly unstable personality and was often confused in life, some have suggested that, "Bundy was insane and that he should have been in a mental institution." Bundy was executed in 1989 in Florida for his crimes, but the real question is what really made this vicious man tick? Ted Bundy went down in history as one of the most brutal serial killers of the 20th century (AP 10). Ted Bundy was born on November 24, 1946 in Burlington, Vermont in a home for unwed mothers. His 22-year-old mother Eleanor Louise Cowell felt forced by the norms of society to have her parents raise Ted as their own and she portrayed herself to be her son's older sister. As for Ted's natural father Lloyd Marshall, who was an Air Force veteran was unknown to him throughout his life. When Ted turned four, his mother, Louise took him with her and moved to Tacoma, Washington where she married Johnnie Bundy. Ted Bundy felt nothing towards his stepfather, he was very bitter that he was forced to move across the continent from his grandfather, the only man he looked up to. Although, a psychiatrist had concluded after talking with Bundy year's later, that his grandfather was an abusive brute or even worse. As a young boy, Bundy had started becoming obsessed with females and obscure sexuality, "..as a boy, he was already roaming his neighborhood and picking through trash barrels in searc h of pictures of naked women" (Davis.) This seems to be the result of very poor to no parental guidance, he stated himself that he couldn't talk to his parents about many things. Ted Bundy had expressed feelings during an interview that, parental involvement and security is very important in a young child's life and that he never had that protection. Bundy was very shy as a youth and he was often bullied... ...y to travel in the mind of a killer. AOFP. "Ted Bundy: Pathological Profile" www.datagraph.com/bundy.profile.html October 1996 A.P. "Dentist, Using Photos, links Bundy to Bites on Victim in Slaying" The New York Times 19 July 1979. A10 Davis, Barbara. "Ex-deputy tries to cash in Bundy's car" The Seattle Times www.seattletimes.com/extra/browse/html97/alttedd_071697.html Duijndam, Rachael. "investigation " www.crimelibrary.com/bundy/investigation.html November 1998. Duijndam, Rachael. "A Time of Terror " www.crimelibrary.com/bundy/terror.html November 1998. Duijndam, Rachael. "The Time of Change" www.crimelibrary.com/bundy/change.html November1998 Larsen, Richard W. Bundy: The Deliberate Stranger (New York, Pocket Books) 1986 Mello, Michael. "Crazy Joe, Ted Bundy and Us" The Miami Herald 18 May 1997 B10 Michaud, Stephen G. and Aynesworth, Hugh. Ted Bundy: Conversations with a Killer (Toronto, Penguin Group) 1989 Reinhold, Robert. "Student says Bundy fled Murder Scene in Florida" The New York Times 17 July 1979, B15 Rule, Ann. The Stranger Beside Me (Toronto, Penguin Group) 1989

Erie Polymers joint venture Essay

INTRODUCTION ERIE speciality chemicals was a company which is based in Cleveland, Ohio, which moved to china due to the key support provided by them in expanding their industrial capacity relating to chemicals. In order to expand its production in China performance polymers had merged with Wuhan plastics factory to form Wuhan Erie Polymers (WEP). Stanley Wong was the manager of the team that negotiated the joint venture and soon became general manager and then chairperson of the Joint venture. Though he was very pleased with his transfer back to Gary, he wasn’t finished yet. He wanted to nominate a successor who would take the company to another level. He was a great leader as he motivated his employees in many aspects and he had also created a unique culture between the Chinese and the western practices. Ans1) if I had to advice the organisation on who to succeed Wong then I would choose MR Henri Boulanger as he has been in the organisation for the past 16 years and he also has 24 years of work experience. Though he lacks Chinese skills he yet gets along well with his Chinese subordinates. He has also been very effective in his current position and he has also introduced certain techniques such as marketing and networking which is very important for any organisation. According to me due to his intelligence and energetic levels he would also be able to inculcate leadership and adapt certain principles in the organisation in order for it to run efficiently and smoothly. He would follow a democratic leadership style where he will consult many employees in the organisation before taking any important decision regarding the company’s future. Certain theories relating to leadership are needed in many organizations for it to perform on a high scale. 1) Trait approach to leadership-Managers can utilize the information from the theory to evaluate their position in the organization and to assess how their position will be made stronger in the organization. This theory makes the managers realize their strengths and weaknesses and they can also get an understanding of how to develop their leadership qualities 2) Behavioral approach- this approach involves structuring the roles of the subordinates by providing them with instructions, and behaving in ways which will increase the performance of the group. Certain types of tasks are given to employees in order to meet the goals of the organization 3) Contingency approach to leadership-this theory refers to the group atmosphere and to the degree of confidence, loyalty, and attraction the followers feel about their leader. If certain favourable situations occur then there has been a positive relationship between the followers and the leader which means that the task was clearly defined and there is a clear leader position power. Certain principles which would be inculcated by MR Boulanger in the organization such as 1) Division of work 2) Authority and responsibility 3) Discipline 4) Unity of command 5) Unity of direction 6) Remuneration 7) order ans2) cross cultural differences and diversity conflicts the success of the joint venture depends upon the compatibility of the partners and this compatibility involves culture as well. Culpan (2002) suggests that each partner in the joint venture brings its own culture and if these cultures are not compatible then they will make the joint venture vulnerable. depending upon the source, it was reported that 37 and 70 percent joint ventures fail because of cross cultural differences between partners. These joint ventures have been reported to suffer from communication,  cooperation, commitment, and conflict-resolution problems caused by partners value and behaviour differences, which in turn causes interaction problems that adversely affects the joint venture performance. Moreover, value and behaviour differences between culturally distant partners influence interpretations and responses to strategic and managerial issues, compounding difficulties when making transactions and sharing information in international joint ventures (Mohr and Spekman, 1994). There are two types of cultures that directly affect the joint venture, first one is the organizational culture and second one is the national culture. Lane and Beamish (1990) stated that the problem in IJV’s is due to the influence of the national culture on the behaviour and management system that leads to conflicts and differences in the workplace. The organizational culture plays a significant role in the flow of knowledge within the organization but at the same time it can also act like obstruction in the process (Almeida et al. 2002). The national culture evolves around societal norms consisting of values which are shared by major part of the population. Once, a system has been developed it is very hard to change and any variation in the institution does not affect the societal norms due to the deeper levels of values and beliefs. (Hofstede, 2001, p.11) There are 3 broad categories used by the western organizations in order to manage differences in cultures when operating internationally. The first is that the organization can build a strong organizational culture internationally so that all parts of the organization, wherever they are located, share the same organizational culture. This approach assumes that the homogeneity of cultures creates the best way of managing the organization. This approach had also been criticised because in order of reproducing the culture to its simplest form the distinctiveness of the culture can be lost. The second approach for managing differences in culture is to develop a common technical or professional culture. This approach does not try to ensure homogeneity within the work force but it rather, seeks uniformity through strong financial and planning systems. The organizational structure dictates procedures and processes, as well as specifying the sources of expertise and decision making within the organizational hierarchy. The third approach is to leave each culture alone, allowing each subsidiary to develop its own organizational culture, which is probably tied to the national culture with varying degrees of influence. Hofstede (2001) came up with five dimensions of the national culture which all societies have to cope with and they used to measure cultural differences between organizations 1) power distance- the higher the power distance the more centralized and hierarchical the structure of the organization is. All organizations should increase their power distance in order to overcome any cultural barriers 2) uncertainty avoidance- organizations with high uncertainty avoidance are usually bigger in size and the loyalty is much stronger. These organizations are usually reluctant towards new technology and are more prone towards change. (Hofstede 2001) 3) Individualism and collectivism- this dimension measures the extent of the relationships an individual has towards the organization. Organizations having high IDV show individualistic and task –oriented behaviour of employees (Hofstede 2001) 4) Masculinity and femininity- organizations with high masculinity, promotes competitiveness and personal accomplishments and the managers are treated as heroes (Hofstede 2001) 5) Long vs short term orientation- if the organizations have a low LTO then importance is given to short term results. (Hofstede 2001) On the basis of these dimensions we can easily evaluate and improve the national culture which directly influences the culture of the organizations working within that environment. Ans 3) Evaluating a successor Stanley Wong who was the general manager of this company wanted to find a successor who would lead this company very well in order to maximize its sales and increase their productivity. With reference to certain concepts we can evaluate Wong’s challenge of finding a successor 1) Performance management- performance management should be seen as a collective responsibility of employees and employers to see that there is continuous improvement in the tasks, activities and jobs that are agreed upon for achieving the organizations vision, mission goals and objectives. Mathis and Jackson (2008) suggested that certain responsibilities managers need to take into account while managing the company. 1) Setting agendas- this includes taking responsibilities and setting goals and objectives for themselves and the teams. 2) Handling relationships- managing people is about managing superiors, customers, suppliers and other external contacts 3) Management values- understands what differentiate successful and appropriate management behaviour 4) Personality qualities- developing the necessary personal and psycho-logical characteristics to be able to deal with inevitable chaos, ambiguity and stress associated with managerial jobs 5) Self- awareness- understanding ones personal style of leadership and working patterns and how this might have an impact on others. There are also methods for management development 1) Coaching- this is relevant for particular individuals experiencing motivation or self-confidence 2) Project work- this involves working in cross cultural teams on particular projects. It provides exposure to different functions, ways of thinking and doing things, as well as providing an opportunity to learn about different parts of the organization. 3) Action learning- this approach capitalises by the fact that many people learn most effectively is by doing things. It also represents a team activity by which members are set out to define and solve a problem. 4) Secondments- this provides development for an individual through a job in another organization for a defined period. It also provides a way of broadening experience and of forcing the individual to leave their comfort zone by having to experience different way of doing things 5) Development  centres- the purpose of development centres is to focus on opportunities for directly to employees might undermine their power base and again concessions might be made unwisely. Thus there are certain concepts which are related to the challenges faced by Mr Wong in finding a successor. Conclusions Thus I would like to conclude by saying that the company might face a difficult period for a short time when Wong gets transferred. The new general manager would have to go through a challenging process in order to overcome cultural barriers and diversity conflicts in the organization. By introducing certain western management practices the company will be able to challenge on many fronts and also all the other employees will get along well with the Chinese employees and the company will run efficiently and smoothly. References 1) Flat World Knowledge, (2014). Principles of Management 1.0 | Flat World Education. Retrieved 26 November 2014, from http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/5?e=carpenter-ch10_s02 2) Managementstudyguide.com,. (2014). Trait Theory of Leadership. Retrieved 26 November 2014, from http://managementstudyguide.com/trait-theory-of-leadership.htm 3) Martin, J. (2009). Human resource management. Los Angeles: SAGE. 4) Mindtools.com, (2014). Henri Fayol’s Principles of Management: Early Management Theory. Retrieved 26 November 2014, from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/henri-fayol.htm 5) referenceforbusiness.com, (2014). Leadership Theories and Studies – organization, system, style, manager, definition, model, type, company, workplace, business. Retrieved 25 November 2014, from http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Int-Loc/Leadership-Theories-and-Studies.html 6) Silverthorne, C. (2005). Organizational psychology in cross-cultural perspective. New York, N.Y .: New York University Press. 7)